The Bills said in a statement that a replacement would be announced later.
Jauron’s firing Tuesday comes two days after Buffalo was beaten 41-17 by the Tennessee Titans.
Bills owner Ralph Wilson says it was “a difficult decision,” but one he felt he needed to make in the “best interest of our team.”
Jauron finishes with a 24-33 record over three-plus seasons.
A possible replacement could be defensive coordinator Perry Fewell.
The NFL Network first reported the firing.